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Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles.[2]:1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Classical physics, the description of physics that existed before the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, describes many aspects of nature at an ordinary (macroscopic) scale, while quantum mechanics explains the aspects of nature at small (atomic and subatomic) scales, for which classical mechanics is insufficient. Most theories in classical physics can be derived from quantum mechanics as an approximation valid at large (macroscopic) scale.[3] Quantum mechanics differs from classical physics in that energy, momentum, angular momentum, and other quantities of a bound system are restricted to discrete values (quantization), objects have characteristics of both particles and waves (wave-particle duality), and there are limits to how accurately the value of a physical quantity can be predicted prior to its measurement, given a complete set of initial conditions (the uncertainty principle). Quantum mechanics arose gradually from theories to explain observations which could not be reconciled with classical physics, such as Max Planck's solution in 1900 to the black-body radiation problem, and the correspondence between energy and frequency in Albert Einstein's 1905 paper which explained the photoelectric effect. These early attempts to understand microscopic phenomena, now known as the "old quantum theory", led to the full development of quantum mechanics in the mid-1920s by Niels Bohr, Erwin Schrödinger, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born and others. The modern theory is formulated in various specially developed mathematical formalisms. In one of them, a mathematical entity called the wave function provides information, in the form of probability amplitudes, about what measurements of a particle's energy, momentum, and other physical properties may yield.

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量子力学は、原子や素粒子のスケールで自然の物理的性質を説明する物理学の基礎理論です [2]:1.1 量子化学、場の量子論、量子技術を含むすべての量子物理学の基礎です。 、および量子情報科学。 古典物理学、記述

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Quantum mechanics is the basic theory of physics that explains the physical properties of nature on the scale of atoms and elementary particles [2]: 1.1 It is the basis of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, and quantum technology. .. , And quantum information science. Classical physics, description

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量子力学は、自然の物性を原子や素粒子のスケールで説明する物理学の基礎理論です [2]: 1.1 量子化学、場の量子論、量子技術を含むすべての量子物理学の基礎です。 .. 、そして量子情報科学。 古典物理学、説明

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Quantum mechanics is the basic theory of physics that explains the physical properties of nature on the scale of atoms and elementary particles [2]: 1.1 It is the basis of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, and quantum technology. .. and quantum information science. Classical physics, explanation

INTO JAPANESE

量子力学は、自然の物性を原子や素粒子のスケールで説明する物理学の基礎理論です [2]: 1.1 量子化学、場の量子論、量子技術を含むすべての量子物理学の基礎です。 ..と量子情報科学。 古典物理学、解説

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Quantum mechanics is the basic theory of physics that explains the physical properties of nature on the scale of atoms and elementary particles [2]: 1.1 It is the basis of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, and quantum technology. .. and Quantum Information Science. Classical physics, commentary

INTO JAPANESE

量子力学は、自然の物性を原子や素粒子のスケールで説明する物理学の基礎理論です [2]: 1.1 量子化学、場の量子論、量子技術を含むすべての量子物理学の基礎です。 ..と量子情報科学。 古典物理学、解説

BACK INTO ENGLISH

Quantum mechanics is the basic theory of physics that explains the physical properties of nature on the scale of atoms and elementary particles [2]: 1.1 It is the basis of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, and quantum technology. .. and Quantum Information Science. Classical physics, commentary