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In the nineteenth century (in the process of transition from mechanics to the field theory), the German school of theoretical physics confronted problems similar to the basic problems in the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). Hertz tried to resolve such problem through analysis of the notion of a scientific theory and interrelation of theory and experiment. This analysis led him to the Bild (image) conception of theory (which was later essentially developed, but also modified by Boltzmann). In this paper, we claim that to resolve the basic foundational problems of QM, one has to use the Bild conception and reject the observational viewpoint on physical theory. As an example of a Bild theory underlying QM (treated as an observational theory), we consider prequantum classical statistical field theory (PCSFT): theory of random subquantum fields.

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19世紀（力学から場の理論への移行の過程で）、ドイツの理論物理学派は、量子力学（QM）の基礎の基本的な問題に類似した問題に直面しました。ハーツは、科学理論の概念と理論の相互関係と

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In the 19th century (in the course of the transition from mechanics to field theory), the German theoretical physics faced problems similar to the fundamental problems of the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). Hertz describes the interrelationship between the concept and theory of scientific theory.

INTO JAPANESE

19世紀（力学から場の理論への移行の過程で）、ドイツの理論物理学は、量子力学（QM）の基礎の基本的な問題と同様の問題に直面しました。ヘルツは、科学理論の概念と理論の間の相互関係を説明しています。

BACK INTO ENGLISH

In the 19th century (in the course of the transition from mechanics to field theory), German theoretical physics faced similar problems as the fundamental problems of the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). Hertz describes the interplay between the concept and theory of scientific theory.

INTO JAPANESE

19世紀（力学から場の理論への移行の過程で）、ドイツの理論物理学は、量子力学（QM）の基礎の基本的な問題と同様の問題に直面しました。ヘルツは、科学理論の概念と理論の間の相互作用を説明しています。

BACK INTO ENGLISH

In the 19th century (in the course of the transition from mechanics to field theory), German theoretical physics faced similar problems as the fundamental problems of the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). Hertz describes the interaction between the concept and theory of scientific theory.

INTO JAPANESE

19世紀（力学から場の理論への移行の過程で）、ドイツの理論物理学は、量子力学（QM）の基礎の基本的な問題と同様の問題に直面しました。ヘルツは、科学理論の概念と理論の間の相互作用を説明しています。

BACK INTO ENGLISH

In the 19th century (in the course of the transition from mechanics to field theory), German theoretical physics faced similar problems as the fundamental problems of the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). Hertz describes the interaction between the concept and theory of scientific theory.